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碳酸钙有方解石、霞石和球霞石 3种同质异构形态 ,其中方解石是天然碳酸钙的最常见形式 ,也是碳酸盐在地表的稳定形态。作者研究和论述了重金属离子在碳酸盐形成过程中配分问题。文章分两部分 :第一部分介绍配分问题研究的理论基础、实验方法和重金属离子的配分特征 ;第二部分介绍配分问题的研究机制。本文为第一部分。在这篇文章中 ,作者提出了重金属离子配分系数的计算方程 ;评述了方解石、霞石和球霞石及其固溶体的生成条件和合成方法 ;总结了晶体内微量元素的分析方法 ;讨论了重金属离子的配分特征。实验结果表明 :Mg2 + 离子抑制球霞石的形成 ;Sr2 + 离子促进霞石的形成 ;F- 离子抑制Mg2 + 在方解石晶面的吸附 ;Sr2 + 离子的分凝系数随生长速率的增加而增加 ;Co2 + ,Mg2 + ,Cd2 + 的分凝系数随生长速率的增加而降低。
Calcium carbonate has three isomeric forms of calcite, nepheline and nepheline, of which calcite is the most common form of natural calcium carbonate and is also a stable form of carbonate at the surface. The author studied and discussed the problem of heavy metal ions in the formation of carbonate. The article is divided into two parts: The first part introduces the theoretical basis of the research on the distribution of points, the experimental methods and the characteristics of the distribution of heavy metal ions; The second part introduces the research mechanism of the distribution of points. This article is the first part. In this article, the authors propose a calculation equation for partition coefficients of heavy metal ions. The formation conditions and synthesis methods of calcite, nepheline, and nepheline, and their solid solutions are reviewed. The methods for the analysis of trace elements in crystals are summarized. Heavy metal ions The distribution of features. The results show that Mg2 + ions inhibit the formation of nepheline; Sr2 + ions promote the formation of nepheline; F- ions inhibit the adsorption of Mg2 + on the calcite surface; the segregation coefficient of Sr2 + ions increases with the growth rate The coagulation coefficients of Co2 +, Mg2 + and Cd2 + decreased with the increase of growth rate.