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人卵泡发育始于始基卵泡募集到形成大量生长卵泡,随之从中选择一个发育成熟进行排卵。在生长发育过程中,复杂的内分泌和卵巢旁分泌信号通路使卵泡内激素发生变化。大量卵丘细胞—卵母细胞在这个微环境中调控卵母细胞的生长发育能力,卵母细胞的发育能力表现在完成减数分裂、受精、着床等。多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的甾体激素合成异常,糖、脂代谢机制受损,特征性表现为高雄激素血症、胰岛素抵抗致高胰岛素血症及不孕。除内分泌异常外,还表现为卵巢内转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)蛋白家族对卵泡发育的异常调节。
Human follicular development begins with primordial follicles recruited to form a large number of growing follicles, followed by a mature ovulation to choose from. In the process of growth and development, complex endocrine and ovarian paracrine signaling pathways to make follicular hormone changes. A large number of cumulus cells - oocytes in this microenvironment regulate the growth and development of oocytes, oocyte development performance in the completion of meiosis, fertilization, implantation and so on. PCOS steroid hormone synthesis abnormalities, impaired glucose and lipid metabolism, characterized by hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance induced hyperinsulinemia and infertility. In addition to endocrine abnormalities, but also for the ovarian transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) protein family abnormal regulation of follicular development.