“了”是汉语中出现频率较高、意义用法较复杂的词,也是对外汉语教学中的重难点。一、“了”的分类吕叔湘的《现代汉语八百词》根据句法分布情况将“了”分为“了1”与“了2”。“了1”为动态助词或体标记,是词尾“了”;“了2”为语气词,是句尾“了”。刘勋宁、刘月华等也沿用了这一观点,并做出补充和改进。张黎、宋绍年等(2001)认为“了1”与“了2”无本质区别,都表“完成”或“实现”。卢福波、王维贤(1991)等将“了”一分为三,“‘了1’ ”A “ is a word that appears more frequently in Chinese and has more complex meanings, and is also a heavy difficulty in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. First, the classification of ”“ Lv Shuxiang’s ”eight hundred words in modern Chinese“ according to the distribution of syntax ”“ is divided into ”1 “ and ”2 “. ”A 1 “ as a dynamic auxiliary word or body tag, is the suffix ”a “; ”a2 “ as the mood word, the end of the sentence ”a “. Liu Xuning, Liu Yuehua also follow this point of view, and make additions and improvements. Zhang Li and Song Shao-nian et al. (2001) considered that there is no essential difference between ”1“ and ”2“, and all have the form ”completed“ or ”realized". Lu Fubo, Wang Weixian (1991), etc. will be divided into three, ’