目的观察Wistar系自发性脑积水大鼠病理学及磁共振成像(MRI)特征。方法7d、14d、21d脑积水动物的头颅连骨投入Borin氏液中固定,连续冠状切片。三期动物内脏、腺体用甲醛固定,常规制片。头部进行磁共振检查。结果自发性脑积水大鼠一般在出生后24h内可被发现,死亡日龄一般为20日龄至两月龄,且无生育能力。肉眼观察脑脊液为淡黄色,透明,无异味。涂片镜检未见炎症细胞。各年龄组动物内脏、腺体未见显著异常。脑积水动物颅骨可见发育不良,质软,脑实质菲薄,色苍白,侧脑室扩张、中央导水管部分段有粘连、狭窄、阻塞或闭合,第三脑室有脱落细胞团。各年龄组动物脑积水动物脑室脉络膜丛未见异常。MRI示颅内重度脑积水,大脑皮层受压萎缩,基底节区脑组织形态及信号正常。结论本病因导水管狭窄而导致阻塞性的非交通型脑积水,其病理和MR成像特征具有典型改变。 Objective To observe the pathological and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of Wistar rats with spontaneous hydrocephalus. Method 7d, 14d, 21d Hydrocephalus skull bone into Borin’s fluid fixation, continuous coronal section. Three animal offal, gland fixed with formaldehyde, conventional production. Head MRI examination. Results Spontaneous hydrocephalus rats generally within 24h after birth can be found, the age of death is generally 20 days to two months of age, and no fertility. Macroscopic observation of cerebrospinal fluid is light yellow, transparent, no smell. Pap smear no inflammatory cells. Animal organs in all age groups, glands no significant abnormalities. Hydrocephalus animal skull shows dysplasia, soft, thin brain parenchyma, pale color, lateral ventricle dilatation, central aqueduct section adhesion, stenosis, obstruction or closure, the third ventricle exfoliated cell mass. No significant abnormalities were found in the ventricular choroid plexus of hydrocephalus animals in all age groups. MRI showed intracranial severe hydrocephalus, cerebral cortex compression atrophy, basal ganglia brain morphology and signal normal. Conclusion The pathological and MR imaging features of this disease are typical changes due to obstructive non-traffic hydrocephalus due to narrowing of the aqueduct.