《中国教育改革和发展纲要》明确指出：“中小学要由‘应试教育’转向全面提高国民素质的轨道，面向全体学生，全面提高学生的思想道德、文化科学、劳动技能和身体心理素质，促进学生生动活泼地发展”。原国家教委副主任柳斌把素质教育的内容和任务概括为四个“学会”，即使学 The “Outline for China’s Education Reform and Development” clearly states: “Primary and secondary schools should shift from ’education for exams’ to an overall improvement of the quality of the people, to all students, and to comprehensively improve students’ ideological and moral, cultural sciences, labor skills, and physical and psychological qualities. Students develop lively and lively.” Liu Bin, deputy director of the former State Education Commission, summed up the contents and tasks of quality education as four “learnings”, even if