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目的研究医院住院患者医院感染现状及相关因素,为制定防控对策提供依据。方法通过目标监测和回顾性调查相结合的方法,对某教学医院住院患者医院感染临床资料进行调查与分析。结果共调查住院患者56 557例,查出医院感染1 216例,感染率为2.15%,呼吸道感染占66.20%。从医院感染患者送检标本中共检出病原菌856株,革兰阴性菌占74.42%,革兰阳性菌占20.33%。统计分析表明,中心静脉插管、机械通气、尿道插管和血液透析等侵入性操作构成医院感染主要危险因素。结论侵入性诊疗操作构成该医院患者院内感染的主要危险因素,应当有针对性的采取预防措施。
Objective To study the current situation and related factors of nosocomial infection in inpatients in hospitals and provide basis for prevention and control measures. Methods Through the combination of target monitoring and retrospective investigation, the clinical data of hospital-acquired inpatients in a teaching hospital were investigated and analyzed. Results A total of 56 557 hospitalized patients were investigated. Among them, 1 216 cases of hospital infection were found, the infection rate was 2.15% and respiratory infections accounted for 66.20%. A total of 856 pathogens were detected from specimens of hospital-acquired patients, with Gram-negative bacteria accounting for 74.42% and Gram-positive bacteria accounting for 20.33%. Statistical analysis showed that central venous catheterization, mechanical ventilation, urethral catheterization and hemodialysis and other invasive operations constitute the main risk factors for nosocomial infection. Conclusion The invasive diagnosis and treatment constitutes the main risk factor of nosocomial infection in this hospital. Precautionary measures should be taken accordingly.