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目的:研究Rac1和Cdc42在人乳腺癌中的表达及临床意义。方法:收集339例人乳腺癌组织样本,通过免疫组化的方法检测Rac1和Cdc42的表达情况,并分析其与乳腺癌临床病理学特征间的相关性。结果:Rac1和Cdc42在正常乳腺组织中几乎不表达,而在肿瘤组织的阳性表达率分别为35.9%和38.5%,均较正常乳腺组织显著升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001和P<0.05)。卡方检验分析表明,二者的表达与患者的年龄、肿瘤大小、组织分化程度、HER2状态无关(P>0.05),而与TNM分期、淋巴结转移、肿瘤侵袭、ER状态和Ki-67表达有相(P<0.05)。相关性分析表明,Rac1和Cdc42的表达与高TNM分期(r分别为0.443和0.295;P均<0.001)、淋巴结转移阳性(r均为0.480和0.562;P均<0.001)、肿瘤侵袭(r分别为0.412和0.440;P均<0.001)、ER阴性表达(r分别为-0.517和-0.342;P均<0.001)以及Ki-67高表达(r分别为0.338和0.454;P均<0.001)呈正相关。结论:在乳腺癌组织中,Rac1和Cdc42作为癌基因表达增加,可能在乳腺癌恶性进程中发挥重要作用。
Objective: To study the expression and clinical significance of Rac1 and Cdc42 in human breast cancer. Methods: A total of 339 human breast cancer samples were collected for detecting the expression of Rac1 and Cdc42 by immunohistochemistry, and their correlations with clinicopathological features of breast cancer were analyzed. Results: Rac1 and Cdc42 were almost not expressed in normal breast tissue, while the positive rates in tumor tissues were 35.9% and 38.5%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in normal breast tissues (P <0.001 and P <0.05). Chi-square test analysis showed that the expression of the two was not related to the age, tumor size, histological differentiation, HER2 status (P> 0.05), but correlated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, tumor invasion, ER status and Ki- Phase (P <0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the expression of Rac1 and Cdc42 were positively correlated with high TNM stage (r = 0.443 and 0.295, P <0.001, respectively), lymph node metastasis (r = 0.480 and 0.562; P <0.001). The positive expression of Ki-67 was significantly higher than that of the control group (0.412 and 0.440, P <0.001), ER negative expression (r = -0.517 and -0.342, P <0.001, respectively) . Conclusion: The expression of Rac1 and Cdc42 as oncogenes in breast cancer tissues may play an important role in the malignant progression of breast cancer.