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高功率微波在电离层中的传播特性主要由其折射率的变化决定,而高功率微波的大气折射率与相应传输层面的电子浓度有关。结合电离层电子浓度分布模型对电子浓度和大气折射率进行了数值模拟,对电离层折射率以及折射率垂直梯度相对于高度的变化特性进行了分析。结合射线描迹法对高功率微波波束传播高度、仰角和距离进行了修正,并在低功率微波下进行实验验证,证实修正值更接近实际值。
The propagation characteristics of high-power microwaves in the ionosphere are mainly determined by their refractive index changes, while the atmospheric refractive index of high-power microwaves is related to the electron concentration of the corresponding transport layer. Based on the ionospheric electron concentration distribution model, the electron concentration and atmospheric refractive index were numerically simulated, and the ionospheric refractive index and vertical refractive index gradient versus height were analyzed. Combined with ray tracing method, the height, elevation angle and distance of high-power microwave beam are corrected and verified by low-power microwave. The correction value is confirmed to be closer to the actual value.