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在1953年4月份的物理通報上發表了黄昆先生的“表面張力”一篇專論。由於黄先生的观點被一些大学物理教材中所採用,以及我們教研组最近由这个問題所引起的討論;使我觉得現在还有把个人对黄先生的大作的意見發表的需要。 現在先將黄先生对表面張力存在的証明概述於下。文中是把分子间的作用力分成了吸引力与推斥力这兩个分別的部分。再做了以下的五个假設,就是(1)推斥力和吸引力间差别的絕对化;(2)分子熱运動可以忽略;(3)重力的影响可以不計;(4)液体不受任何外压强;(5)液面是平的。然後由計算中証明
In the April 1953 bulletin of physics published Huang Kun’s “surface tension” a monograph. The fact that Mr. Wong’s point of view was adopted by some college physics textbooks and the recent discussions of our teaching and research department caused by this question made me feel that there is still a need to publish my own opinion on Mr. Wong’s masterpiece. Now the first proof of the existence of surface tension Mr. Huang outlined in the next. The article is divided into two forces of attraction and repulsion. The following five assumptions are made: (1) the absolute difference between the repulsive force and the attractive force; (2) the molecular thermal motion can be neglected; (3) the influence of gravity can be neglected; (4) the liquid is not affected by any External pressure; (5) The liquid level is flat. Then proved by the calculation