那么在《三国志·吴志(下)》也给我们提供了一个历史经验,它说“兴国之君,乐闻其过;慌乱之主,乐闻其誉;闻其过者,过日消而福臻,闻其誉者,誉愈损而祸至”。你看这个君主是不是开明的君主,你就看他喜欢听过失、喜欢听批评,还是喜欢听赞誉。喜欢听他的过失的人,他的过失会一天一天地减少,福分也就来到了;而喜欢听赞誉的人,他的声誉一天一天地减损,他的灾祸也就来到了。所以在中国古代,都有谏官,有言官,而 Then in the “Three Kingdoms Wu Chi (below)” also provides us with a historical experience, it said “the king of rejuvenating, rumored over; the Lord of panic, rumored its reputation; And Fu Zhen, Wen Yu reputation, reputation more loss and disaster to ”. You see this monarch is not an enlightened monarch, you see he likes to hear the wrong, like to listen to criticism, or like to hear praise. Like to listen to his fault, his fault will decrease day by day, blessings will come; and like to listen to praise, his reputation day by day devaluation, his disaster also came. Therefore, in ancient China, there was a remonstrance officer and an official officer