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采用DRM范式,设置三种参照对象条件,考察错误记忆是否存在自我参照效应。结果发现:(1)错误记忆中存在自我参照效应;(2)无论是正确记忆还是错误记忆,自我参照条件下的回忆成分均显著多于他人和中性参照,但熟悉性成分在三种条件下没有差异;(3)词表中学习项目由分组呈现变为随机呈现时,错误记忆的自我参照效应仍稳定存在。结果揭示,自我参照效在促进正确记忆的同时,亦可易化错误记忆效应。
Using the DRM paradigm, we set the conditions of three kinds of reference objects and examine whether there is a self-reference effect on the error memory. The results showed that: (1) There was a self-referential effect in false memory; (2) Memorized components in self-reference conditions were significantly more than those in others and neutral reference, no matter in correct or wrong memory. However, (3) When the learning items in the vocabulary are changed from grouping to randomness, the self-reference effect of false memory is still stable. The results reveal that while self-reference effects promote correct memory, false memory effects can also be facilitated.