原发恶性肿瘤手术切除后是否用辅助治疗,已成为癌症治疗中必需考虑的问题。过去,由于相信区域淋巴结对肿瘤全身播散是一个有效的屏障,于是强调原发肿瘤的局部与区域治疗。虽然现代外科与放射治疗技术已显著降低了原发与区域的肿瘤复发率,但在过去20年中全部病人的生存率并没有重要变化。这一事实决不表明原来治疗方式的失败。相反,这个事实着重说明了全身治疗方式的需要。现在已经清楚,不论恶性肿瘤的组织类型 The use of adjuvant therapy after surgical resection of primary malignancies has become an issue that must be considered in the treatment of cancer. In the past, as regional lymph nodes were believed to be an effective barrier to the spread of tumors throughout the body, local and regional treatment of primary tumors was emphasized. Although modern surgical and radiotherapy techniques have significantly reduced primary and regional tumor recurrence rates, there has been no significant change in the overall patient survival rate over the past 20 years. This fact does not indicate the failure of the original treatment. On the contrary, this fact highlights the need for systemic treatment. It is now clear that regardless of the type of malignancy