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专家审稿在学术期刊编辑工作中既是一种行为 ,又是一种机制。专家审稿备受关注的主要原因是 :学科分化加剧 ;编辑活动内涵日益丰富 ;学术界对编辑活动公开化、民主化的要求日渐强烈 ;期刊出版界的质量意识不断增强。专家审稿的主要作用为 :准确评价稿件的学术价值 ;帮助解决学术方面的疑难问题 ;增强刊物的权威性 ;密切编辑部门与学术机构的双向联系。专家审稿与编辑审稿目的、原理相同 ,但角度和侧重点不同 ,在编辑活动中的职责、地位不同。专家审稿的主要局限是 :容易受到审稿人自身学术观点和主观好恶的影响 ,难以兼顾出版活动的规律。专家审稿机制在具体适用中可以有学科专家组会审制、主审专家制、编委审稿制、临时约请制等多种形式。
Reviewing experts is not only a kind of behavior but also a mechanism in the editing of academic journals. The main reason for the expert review has drawn much attention: the disciplinary differentiation has intensified; the content of editorial activities has become more and more rich; the academic requirements for the openness and democratization of editorial activities have become increasingly stronger; and the quality awareness of the periodical publication community has been continuously enhanced. The main functions of expert review are: to accurately evaluate the academic value of manuscripts; to help solve difficult academic problems; to enhance the authority of journals; and to closely edit the two-way relationship between departments and academic institutions. The purpose of expert reviewers and reviewers is the same, but their perspectives and emphasis are different. Their duties and positions in editing activities are different. The main limitations of expert reviewers are: susceptible to reviewers own academic point of view and subjective likes and dislikes, it is difficult to take into account the laws of publishing activities. Expert review mechanism in the specific application of disciplinary expert group can be trial, the trial expert system, editorial board reviewers, interim request system and other forms.