客观事物的发展,总是经由由简单到复杂、由特殊到一般、由个体到群体、由具体到抽象这样一个过程;人们对客观事物的认识也是如此;在数学解题研究中的特殊化思考法,就是基于这一原理。一、什么是特殊化方法 1.G.Polya的例子及其分析当代美国著名数学家、数学教育家G.Polya在其名著《数学与猜想》里指出:“特殊化是从对象的一个给定集合,转而考虑那包含在这集合内的较小的 The development of objective things always goes from simple to complex, from special to general, from individual to group, and from concrete to abstract; this is also true of people’s understanding of objective things; special considerations in the study of mathematical problem solving Law is based on this principle. 1. What is the specialization method 1. G. Polya’s example and analysis In the famous mathematics and conjecture, the famous contemporary mathematician and mathematical educator G. Polya pointed out: "Specialization is a given object. The collection, in turn, considers the smaller ones contained within this set