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声学周期结构兼具优化室内声场环境,节约建筑吸声材料的特性而在现代建筑中广泛使用。针对二维平面周期结构的声场优化特性,建立了一种吸声系数计算模型。首先,根据边界条件理论推导了吸声系数的线性方程组,继而通过数值分析方法进行求解,最后在驻波管和混响室中分别进行实验验证。实验结果表明,测量的吸声系数和理论计算曲线吻合良好,该模型可以准确测算二维平面周期结构的吸声系数。同时分析表明:在平面周期结构中,相同吸声材料面积情况下,吸声材料占比越大,吸声效果越好;在相同吸声材料面积和占比情况下,材料边缘长度越长,高频段吸声效果越好;随着材料边缘长度的减少,边缘效应影响减弱。
The acoustic periodic structure is widely used in modern buildings because it has the characteristics of optimizing the indoor acoustic field environment and saving the sound absorbing materials of the building. Aiming at the optimization of the sound field of two-dimensional plane periodic structure, a sound-absorption coefficient calculation model is established. First of all, based on the theory of boundary conditions, the linear equations of sound absorption coefficients are deduced, and then solved by numerical analysis method. Finally, experiments are carried out in standing wave tube and reverberation chamber respectively. The experimental results show that the measured sound absorption coefficient is in good agreement with the theoretical calculation curve, and the model can accurately measure the sound absorption coefficient of two-dimensional planar periodic structure. At the same time, the analysis shows that in the plane periodic structure, with the same area of sound-absorbing material, the larger the proportion of sound-absorbing material, the better the sound-absorbing effect. Under the same area and proportion of sound-absorbing material, High-frequency sound absorption effect is better; with the reduction of the length of the edge of the material, the edge effect weakened.