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建筑疏散指示标志关系到人们的生命安全,为了寻找一种更为有效的引导疏散的思路,实现紧急疏散时合理、有效地引导人员逃生,提出了以疏散人员到出口的距离、出口宽度和出口区域人员密度三个因素为基础的出口选择模式作为建筑疏散指示标志的设计规则;研究了仅考虑距离因素选择出口时疏散人员分配失衡的现象,展示了以人员到出口的距离、出口宽度、出口区域人员密度三个因素为基础的出口选择引导模式对建筑疏散的优化效果。研究结果表明:根据距离、出口宽度和出口区域人员密度三个因素来确定疏散指示标志设计的规则,避免了人员密集建筑场所“就近出口”带来的不利因素,实现了疏散资源的高效利用。
In order to find a more effective way of guiding evacuation and to guide people to escape reasonably and effectively during emergency evacuation, the indicator of evacuation of buildings is related to the safety of people’s life. In order to find out the distance, exit width and exit of evacuees to exit, Regional population density as the basis of the export choice model as a design evacuation indicator of the building rules; study only consider the distance factor exit distribution evacuation distribution imbalance phenomenon, showing the distance from the staff to the exit width of the export Regional population density of three factors based on the export choice guide mode on the building evacuation optimization effect. The results show that the rules of design of evacuation signs are determined according to the factors of distance, exit width and exit area staff density, which avoids the unfavorable factors of evacuation site “near exit ” and realizes the efficient evacuation of resources use.