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目的了解学龄前儿童出生状况和日常饮食习惯对其视力发育的影响。方法选择2014年10月-2015年6月在六安市金安区托幼机构、儿保门诊进行视力筛查且资料完整的2 082名儿童为研究对象,所有对象均≤7岁。采用χ~2检验、多因素Logistic回归分析日常饮食状况对儿童视力发育的影响。结果接受调查的儿童视力异常发生率为48.6%。多因素Logistic回归表明,与学龄前儿童视力发育有关的因素包括:月龄为0~23个月(OR=3.854,95%CI:2.137~6.950)、父亲学历为大专及以上(OR=1.338,95%CI:1.031~1.738)、很少吃坚果(OR=0.641,95%CI:0.454~0.906)、经常吃坚果(OR=0.637,95%CI:0.424~0.957)、很少吃深色蔬菜(OR=0.612,95%CI:0.428~0.875)、经常吃深色蔬菜(OR=0.629,95%CI:0.425~0.930)。结论食用坚果、深色蔬菜是儿童视力发育的保护因素。
Objective To understand the impact of preschool children’s birth condition and daily diet on their visual development. Methods From October 2014 to June 2015, 2,082 children with visual record and full information were selected as the study subjects in the nurseries and childbirth clinics in Jin’an District, Lu’an City, all subjects were ≤7 years old. The χ ~ 2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influence of daily diet on visual acuity in children. Results The incidence of visual acuity in children surveyed was 48.6%. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that the factors related to the visual acuity of preschool children included 0-23 months (OR = 3.854,95% CI: 2.137-6.950), father’s education level of college and above (OR = 1.338, 95% CI: 1.031 ~ 1.738), seldom eat nuts (OR = 0.641, 95% CI: 0.454-0.906), often eat nuts (OR = 0.637, 95% CI: 0.424-0.957) (OR = 0.612, 95% CI: 0.428-0.875), often eating dark vegetables (OR = 0.629, 95% CI: 0.425-0.930). Conclusion Edible nuts and dark-colored vegetables are the protective factors of visual development in children.