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选用穗高系数有显著差异的甜玉米自交系T14和T4为亲本配制杂交组合,用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型和P1、P2、F1、B1、B2和F2共6个世代联合分析的方法对穗高系数性状进行分析;以330个F2单株为分离作图群体,用复合区间作图法在F2和F2:3家系中检测穗高系数QTL。通过研究玉米穗高系数的遗传模式和QTL定位,为玉米高产、耐密和抗倒伏育种提供有价值的理论依据。结果表明:玉米穗高系数受1对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因控制,在各个分离世代都以主基因遗传为主。在F2群体和F2:3家系中分别定位到4个和6个穗高系数QTL;其中有3个QTL在F2群体和F2:3家系中均可被检测到。检测到的高贡献率的主效QTL都集中在第1染色体上,形成1个明显的穗高系数QTL集中区,这一结果与1对主基因的遗传模型相吻合。试验得出的玉米穗高系数的遗传模式和QTL,可为加快高产、耐密和抗倒伏育种进程及实现分子标记辅助选择提供有力的研究基础。
The crosses of sweetpotato inbred lines T14 and T4 with significant differences in panicle height were used as parents for the crosses and the combinations of major gene + polygene and six generations of P1, P2, F1, B1, B2 and F2 Methods The characters of panicle height coefficients were analyzed. 330 F2 individuals were used as the segregating population. The QTL for panicle height was detected in F2 and F2: 3 lines using the composite interval mapping method. By studying the genetic model and QTL mapping of corn ear height coefficient, it provided valuable theoretical basis for high yield, tight tolerance and lodging resistance of maize. The results showed that the coefficient of ear height was controlled by one pair of additive major genes plus additive - dominance polygenic genes, and the major gene inheritance was dominant in each isolated generation. Four QTLs were identified in F2 population and F2: 3 QTLs. Three QTLs were detected in F2 population and F2: 3 families. The major QTLs for the high contribution rate detected were concentrated on chromosome 1, forming a clear focus of QTL for ear height coefficient. This result was consistent with the genetic model of one major gene. The results showed that the genetic model and QTL of maize ear height coefficient could provide a powerful research foundation for accelerating the breeding process of high yield, tolerance and lodging resistance and the molecular marker-assisted selection.