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本实验以青年鼠为对照,观察老年大鼠蓝班内胶质细胞超微结构的改变.结果显示:老年大鼠蓝斑内出现许多肥大星形胶质细胞,这些细胞胞浆内含有丰富的核糖体、粗面内质网和线粒体.少突胶质细胞增生,胞浆含有大量细胞器、突起内含有变性的轴突、终末和树突.小胶质细胞也增生,其胞浆内出现大量脂滴、脂褐素.在一些较大的腔隙内,可观察到巨噬细胞.与此同时,退变的星形胶质细胞亦可见到,这些细胞浆内出现大量致密体、变性的线粒体、胶质原纤维和糖元颗粒.上述结果提示:在脑衰老过程中,胶质细胞的形态和数量已发生了一系列变化,这些变化一方面有利于修复变性的神经元和清除坏死的神经元,另一方面也提示星形胶质细胞本身面临着退变和死亡.
In this experiment, young rats were used as control to observe the changes of the ultrastructure of glial cells in the blue in old rats.The results showed that many hypertrophic astrocytes appeared in the locus coeruleus of aged rats, and these cells contained rich Ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria.Lyodendrocyte proliferation, the cytoplasm contains a large number of organelles, degeneration, including axons, terminals and dendrites.Mygliotic cells also proliferate, the cytoplasm appears Large amounts of lipid droplets, lipofuscin. In some larger lacuna, macrophages can be observed at the same time, degenerative astrocytes can also be seen in these cytoplasm a large number of dense bodies, degeneration Of the mitochondria, glial fibrils and glycogen particles.These results suggest that: in the process of brain aging, the morphology and number of glial cells have undergone a series of changes, these changes on the one hand help to repair degeneration of neurons and removal of necrosis Of neurons, on the other hand also suggests that astrocytes themselves face degeneration and death.