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目的分析宁夏2006—2012年学校突发传染病流行特征,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法,对宁夏2006—2012年报告的学校传染病突发公共卫生事件流行特征进行分析。结果 2006—2012年,宁夏共报告学校传染病突发公共卫生事件295起,占学校突发公共卫生事件总数的97.36%,罹患率为2.92%;报告病种主要以呼吸道传染病为主(90.85%);事件报告高峰出现在5月和11月,且春夏高峰报告数高于秋冬高峰;小学为突发事件高发场所,乡小学罹患率最高(6.02%)。突发事件报告及时率为40.00%;报告机构以医疗机构为主(41.36%),其次为学校报告(32.20%)。结论学校是宁夏传染病突发公共卫生事件发生的主要场所,县乡级小学是防控重点。应积极采取针对性的防控措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of sudden infectious diseases in schools in Ningxia from 2006 to 2012, and to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of school public health emergencies reported in 2006-2012 in Ningxia. Results From 2006 to 2012, Ningxia reported a total of 295 public health emergencies of infectious diseases, accounting for 97.36% of the total number of public health emergencies in schools, with an attack rate of 2.92%. The main reported respiratory diseases were respiratory infectious diseases (90.85 %). The peak of incident report appeared in May and November, and the number of peak in spring and summer was higher than the peak in autumn and winter. The incidence rate of primary and secondary primary school in primary school was the highest (6.02%). The prompt reporting rate of emergencies was 40.00%. The reporting organ mainly consisted of medical institutions (41.36%), followed by the school report (32.20%). Conclusions The school is the main place where outbreak public health emergencies occur in Ningxia, and the primary and secondary schools in county and township level are the key points of prevention and control. Should take targeted preventive and control measures.