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四《孙子算经》与“大衍求一术”《孙子算经》,相传为春秋时代作兵书十三篇的孙武子所作。但因为原书在明代已经亡佚,所以该书作者“孙子”究竟是谁,已经无从考证。现在所能见到的《孙子算经》,是清代乾隆年间,由安徽数学家戴震从《永乐大典》中辑出的。书中卷下载有“长安洛阳相去九百里”及“今有佛书凡二十九章”。由于长安是西汉建国时所定京都的名称,而洛阳是东汉的首都;佛书开始传入中国在东汉明帝永平八年(公元65年)。由此,戴震认为“孙子”其人,不能早于汉明帝时代。又据《夏侯阳算经》序言称:
The “Sun Zi Quan Jing Jing” and “Da Yan Qi Yi Shu” and “Sun Zi Jing Jing” are handed down by Sun Wuzi, who wrote 13 books for the Spring and Autumn Period. However, because the original book had already died in the Ming Dynasty, the author of the book, “grandchildren”, was no longer valid. The “Sun Tzu Classic” that can be seen now is compiled by Anhui mathematician Dai Zhen from the “Yongle Grand Ceremony” during the Qian Long period of the Qing Dynasty. The volume in the book downloads “Changan Luoyang Goes 900 Miles” and “There are 29 chapters in the Buddha book today.” Chang’an was the name of Kyoto as it was established when the Western Han Dynasty was founded, and Luoyang was the capital of the Eastern Han Dynasty; the book of Buddhism began to be introduced to China in the 8th year of Yongping of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 65). Therefore, Dai Zhen believes that the “grandson” of his people cannot be earlier than the time of Han Mingdi. According to the preface to the “Xiahouyang calculations,” the preface says: