论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨小儿病毒性脑炎患者急性期血清钠、钾、氯、钙浓度变化及其与病情的关系。方法对该院1992年1月-1998年7月收治的病毒性脑炎患儿127例，于急诊入院后24h内测定血清钠、钾、氯、钙的浓度。结果入院24h内发生低钠血症47倒（37．0％），高钠血症3例（2．4％），低氯血症35例（27．6％），低钙血症12例（9．5％），高钙血症5例（3.9％），低钾血症19例（5．0％），高钾血症14例（11．0％），死亡3例，病毒性脑炎发生低钠血症的频率重症者明显高于轻症者，头颅CF或MRI提示脑损害较无提示脑损害的发生电解质紊乱的频率高。结论病毒性脑炎伴随的电解质异常不完全是治疗中的并发症，也可能与病毒性脑炎自身的病理生理有关，发生电解质紊乱的频率与病情轻重、脑损害有关，1周内出现的高钠血症预示病情濒危。
Objective To investigate the changes of serum sodium, potassium, chloride and calcium concentrations in children with acute viral encephalitis and their relationship with the disease. Methods A total of 127 children with viral encephalitis admitted to our hospital from January 1992 to July 1998 were tested for serum sodium, potassium, chloride and calcium concentrations within 24 hours after admission. Results There were 47 cases of hyponatremia (37.0%), 3 cases of hypernatremia (2.4%), 35 cases of hyponatremia (27.6%), 12 cases of hypocalcemia (9.5%), 5 cases of hypercalcemia (3.9%), 19 cases of hypokalemia (5.0%), 14 cases of hyperkalemia (11.0%), 3 cases of death, The incidence of hyponatremia in encephalitis was significantly higher than that of mild cases, and cranial CF or MRI suggested that brain damage was more frequent than non-suggestive brain damage. Conclusions Electrolyte abnormalities associated with viral encephalitis are not completely complication of treatment, and may also be related to the pathophysiology of viral encephalitis. The frequency of electrolyte imbalance is related to the severity of illness and brain damage. The occurrence of high Sodium hyperlipidemia indicates the condition is endangered.