延髓头端腹外侧区（ＲＶＬＭ）是中枢调节心血管活动的关键部位之一。该区存在胆碱能和ＧＡＢＡ能神经元，并且有胆碱能以及ＧＡＢＡ能受体的分布；将ＡＣｈ应用至ＲＶＬＭ，可通过兴奋交感神经系统，引起血压和心率剂量依赖性增加。将ＧＡＢＡ应用至ＲＶＬＭ，可抑制该区神经元的电活动；并可引起外周动脉血压降低、心率减慢，该效应是由ＧＡＢＡＡ和ＧＡＢＡＢ受体所介导 The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is one of the key parts of the central regulation of cardiovascular activity. There are cholinergic and GABAergic neurons in this area, as well as the distribution of cholinergic and GABAergic receptors; application of ACh to RVLM induces a dose-dependent increase in blood pressure and heart rate by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system. The application of GABA to RVLM inhibits the electrical activity of neurons in this area; it also causes a reduction in peripheral arterial blood pressure and heart rate, which is mediated by GABAA and GABAB receptors