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1. Turn on the blender. 打开搅拌器。
【点拨】 turn on是由“动词 副词”构成的短语动词,当其宾语是名词时,名词放在副词的前后均可以;但当宾语是代词时,代词则只能放在副词的前面。其反义词是turn off。例如:
It’s a little dark in the room. Please turn on the light. 室内有点暗,请开灯。
2. —Let’s make fruit salad. 咱们做水果沙拉吧.
—OK, good idea. 行,好主意。
【点拨】 Good idea意为“好主意”,通常用于表示对说话人所提的建议表示同意,也可说“That’s a good idea.(那是个好主意。)”例如:
—How about playing soccer? 去踢足球怎么样?
—That’s a good idea. 那是个好注意。
3. How much yogurt do we need? 我们需要多少酸奶?
【点拨】 how much意为“多少”,可用来修饰不可数名词;how much还有“多少钱”的意思。例如:
How much milk is there in the glass? 玻璃杯里有多少牛奶?
How much are the apples? 这些苹果多少钱?
4. —Were there any sharks? 有一些鲨鱼吗?
—No, there weren’t any sharks, but there were some really clever seals. 不,没有鲨鱼,但确实有一些聪明的海豹。
【点拨】 some与any都有“一些”的意思,some一般用在肯定句或表示请求、建议等的问句中,any一般用在疑问句或否定句中。
5. Did you go to the zoo? 你去公园了吗?
【点拨】 行为动词一般过去时的一般疑问句是在句首加did构成,谓语动词要用原形。
6. I saw her play when I was eight. 我八岁时,就看到她拉小提琴。
【点拨】 动词see, hear等后面可接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,表示动作的全过程;也可接现在分词作宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行。例如:
When they went into the park, they saw someone playing Chinese Kungfu. 当他们走进公园时,他们看到有人在练中国功夫。
I’m sure Tom is at home because I’ve seen him go upstairs. 我确信汤姆在家,因为我看到他上楼了。
7. He began to learn the accordion at the age of four. 他四岁开始学手风琴。
【点拨】 at the age of... 表示“在几岁时”,与when引导的时间状语从句所表达的意思相同。例如:
Her daughter could speak English at the age of three. 她女儿三岁就会说英语。
8. In October 2000, Li Yundi took part in the 14th Chopin International Piano Competition in Poland. 2000年10月,李云迪参加了在波兰举行的第14届肖邦国际钢琴大奖赛。
【点拨】 take part in是一个固定短语,意为“参加”,指参加会议或群众性的活动,重在说明句子的主语参加该项活动并在其发挥作用。例如:
The teacher took part in our discussion yesterday. 昨天老师参与了我们的讨论。
9. He stopped playing football because of his sore back. 因为背疼,他停止踢足球。
【点拨】 because of是一个复合介词,与because的意思相同,都是“由于、因为”的意思,但because是连词,用来引导原因状语从句;because of后面要接名词或代词。例如:
He didn’t come to school because of his illness. 因为生病,他没来上学。
I didn’t go shopping yesterday because of the rain. 因为下雨,我昨天没去买东西。
10. What are you going to be when you grow up? 你长大后想干什么?
【点拨】 grow up是固定短语,意为“长大”。
11. Borrow some money. 借一些钱。
【点拨】 borrow意为“借,借入”,一般与介词from连用,组成“borrow sth. from...”结构。例如:
You may borrow a pen from Jim. 你可以向吉姆借一支钢笔。
12. Don’t forget to clean his bed. 别忘了收拾他的床。
【点拨】 forget后跟动词不定式(to do)形式作宾语,意为“忘记要做某事(动作尚未发生)”;后面还可以跟动词的-ing形式,表示“忘记了曾经做过某事(动作已经发生)”。例如:
I forgot to close the door. 我忘记关门了。(门没有关)
I forgot closing the door. 我忘记曾把门关上了。(门已经关上了)
13. It’s the closest to home. 它离家最近。
【点拨】 close to意为“靠近,接近”,与next to(紧挨着)意思相近。
14. He danced without music. 他不用伴着音乐跳舞。
【点拨】 介词without意为“无、没有”,含有否定的意思,所以dance without music意为“在没有音乐伴奏的情况下跳舞”,相当于dance with no music。例如:
We can’t live without water or air. 没有水和空气,我们无法生存。
15. About 200 yuan a night is enough. 每晚大约200元就够了。
【点拨】 此句中的enough是形容词,意为“充足的,足够的”。enough用作形容词修饰名词时,放在名词的前面或后面都可以。例如:
He doesn’t have enough money/ money enough to buy a new bike. 他没有足够的钱买一辆新自行车。
enough还可用作副词,用来修饰形容词或副词时,一般要放在所修饰的形容词或副词的后面。例如:
The boy is old enough to go to school. 这个男孩够上学的年龄了。
巩固练习
()1. Please _______ the lights before you leave the classroom.
A. turn rightB. turn left
C. turn on D. turn off
()2. —What good weather! Let’s go boating on the lake.
—__________.
A. That’s all right B. Thank you very much
C. It doesn’t matter D. That’s a good idea
()3. —__________ milk do you want?
—Three bottles, please.
A. How much B. How many C. What
()4. I asked her for ______ milk, but she didn’t have ________.
A. any; someB. some; any
C. some; some
()5. —Where’s Mr. Yu, do you know?
—Well, it’s hard to say. But I heard him______ loudly here just now.
A. was readingB. reading
C. had read D. to read
()6. 选择与划线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
Jim could play soccer when he was five years old.
A. at the age of fiveB. five years ago
C. since he was five years old
()7. —What is your brother going to be when he________?
—He is going to be a doctor.
A. wakes up B. grows up
C. stands upD. hurries up
()8. Last week I met my old friend Li Ming but I forgot ________ him for his telephone number.
A. ask B. askingC. and askD. to ask
()9. 从各题的A、B、C三个选项中,找出与划线部分意义相同或相近、并能替换划线部分的选项。
I found a supermarket close to my new house.
A. in front of B. far fromC. next to
()10. Don’t worry. He is ________ to look after little Betty.
A. carefully enough B. enough careful
C. careful enoughD. enough carefully
11. Most people watched TV late in May this year. (改为一般疑问句)
________ most people ________ TV late in May this year?
12. 我们应该多参加课外活动。(完成译句)
We should ________ _________ in after-school activities more often.
13. 根据汉语提示完成英语句子。
因为下雨,他没去打篮球。
He didn’t go to play basketball ________ _______ the rain.
14. 改写句子:根据A句的意思完成B句,使两句的意思基本相同。每空限填一个单词。
A: We can’t finish the whole work on time if you don’t help us.
B: We can’t finish the whole work on time _______your ________.
Keys: 1~5 DDABB6~10 ABDCC11. Did; watch 12. take part13. because of
14. without; help
【点拨】 turn on是由“动词 副词”构成的短语动词,当其宾语是名词时,名词放在副词的前后均可以;但当宾语是代词时,代词则只能放在副词的前面。其反义词是turn off。例如:
It’s a little dark in the room. Please turn on the light. 室内有点暗,请开灯。
2. —Let’s make fruit salad. 咱们做水果沙拉吧.
—OK, good idea. 行,好主意。
【点拨】 Good idea意为“好主意”,通常用于表示对说话人所提的建议表示同意,也可说“That’s a good idea.(那是个好主意。)”例如:
—How about playing soccer? 去踢足球怎么样?
—That’s a good idea. 那是个好注意。
3. How much yogurt do we need? 我们需要多少酸奶?
【点拨】 how much意为“多少”,可用来修饰不可数名词;how much还有“多少钱”的意思。例如:
How much milk is there in the glass? 玻璃杯里有多少牛奶?
How much are the apples? 这些苹果多少钱?
4. —Were there any sharks? 有一些鲨鱼吗?
—No, there weren’t any sharks, but there were some really clever seals. 不,没有鲨鱼,但确实有一些聪明的海豹。
【点拨】 some与any都有“一些”的意思,some一般用在肯定句或表示请求、建议等的问句中,any一般用在疑问句或否定句中。
5. Did you go to the zoo? 你去公园了吗?
【点拨】 行为动词一般过去时的一般疑问句是在句首加did构成,谓语动词要用原形。
6. I saw her play when I was eight. 我八岁时,就看到她拉小提琴。
【点拨】 动词see, hear等后面可接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,表示动作的全过程;也可接现在分词作宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行。例如:
When they went into the park, they saw someone playing Chinese Kungfu. 当他们走进公园时,他们看到有人在练中国功夫。
I’m sure Tom is at home because I’ve seen him go upstairs. 我确信汤姆在家,因为我看到他上楼了。
7. He began to learn the accordion at the age of four. 他四岁开始学手风琴。
【点拨】 at the age of... 表示“在几岁时”,与when引导的时间状语从句所表达的意思相同。例如:
Her daughter could speak English at the age of three. 她女儿三岁就会说英语。
8. In October 2000, Li Yundi took part in the 14th Chopin International Piano Competition in Poland. 2000年10月,李云迪参加了在波兰举行的第14届肖邦国际钢琴大奖赛。
【点拨】 take part in是一个固定短语,意为“参加”,指参加会议或群众性的活动,重在说明句子的主语参加该项活动并在其发挥作用。例如:
The teacher took part in our discussion yesterday. 昨天老师参与了我们的讨论。
9. He stopped playing football because of his sore back. 因为背疼,他停止踢足球。
【点拨】 because of是一个复合介词,与because的意思相同,都是“由于、因为”的意思,但because是连词,用来引导原因状语从句;because of后面要接名词或代词。例如:
He didn’t come to school because of his illness. 因为生病,他没来上学。
I didn’t go shopping yesterday because of the rain. 因为下雨,我昨天没去买东西。
10. What are you going to be when you grow up? 你长大后想干什么?
【点拨】 grow up是固定短语,意为“长大”。
11. Borrow some money. 借一些钱。
【点拨】 borrow意为“借,借入”,一般与介词from连用,组成“borrow sth. from...”结构。例如:
You may borrow a pen from Jim. 你可以向吉姆借一支钢笔。
12. Don’t forget to clean his bed. 别忘了收拾他的床。
【点拨】 forget后跟动词不定式(to do)形式作宾语,意为“忘记要做某事(动作尚未发生)”;后面还可以跟动词的-ing形式,表示“忘记了曾经做过某事(动作已经发生)”。例如:
I forgot to close the door. 我忘记关门了。(门没有关)
I forgot closing the door. 我忘记曾把门关上了。(门已经关上了)
13. It’s the closest to home. 它离家最近。
【点拨】 close to意为“靠近,接近”,与next to(紧挨着)意思相近。
14. He danced without music. 他不用伴着音乐跳舞。
【点拨】 介词without意为“无、没有”,含有否定的意思,所以dance without music意为“在没有音乐伴奏的情况下跳舞”,相当于dance with no music。例如:
We can’t live without water or air. 没有水和空气,我们无法生存。
15. About 200 yuan a night is enough. 每晚大约200元就够了。
【点拨】 此句中的enough是形容词,意为“充足的,足够的”。enough用作形容词修饰名词时,放在名词的前面或后面都可以。例如:
He doesn’t have enough money/ money enough to buy a new bike. 他没有足够的钱买一辆新自行车。
enough还可用作副词,用来修饰形容词或副词时,一般要放在所修饰的形容词或副词的后面。例如:
The boy is old enough to go to school. 这个男孩够上学的年龄了。
巩固练习
()1. Please _______ the lights before you leave the classroom.
A. turn rightB. turn left
C. turn on D. turn off
()2. —What good weather! Let’s go boating on the lake.
—__________.
A. That’s all right B. Thank you very much
C. It doesn’t matter D. That’s a good idea
()3. —__________ milk do you want?
—Three bottles, please.
A. How much B. How many C. What
()4. I asked her for ______ milk, but she didn’t have ________.
A. any; someB. some; any
C. some; some
()5. —Where’s Mr. Yu, do you know?
—Well, it’s hard to say. But I heard him______ loudly here just now.
A. was readingB. reading
C. had read D. to read
()6. 选择与划线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
Jim could play soccer when he was five years old.
A. at the age of fiveB. five years ago
C. since he was five years old
()7. —What is your brother going to be when he________?
—He is going to be a doctor.
A. wakes up B. grows up
C. stands upD. hurries up
()8. Last week I met my old friend Li Ming but I forgot ________ him for his telephone number.
A. ask B. askingC. and askD. to ask
()9. 从各题的A、B、C三个选项中,找出与划线部分意义相同或相近、并能替换划线部分的选项。
I found a supermarket close to my new house.
A. in front of B. far fromC. next to
()10. Don’t worry. He is ________ to look after little Betty.
A. carefully enough B. enough careful
C. careful enoughD. enough carefully
11. Most people watched TV late in May this year. (改为一般疑问句)
________ most people ________ TV late in May this year?
12. 我们应该多参加课外活动。(完成译句)
We should ________ _________ in after-school activities more often.
13. 根据汉语提示完成英语句子。
因为下雨,他没去打篮球。
He didn’t go to play basketball ________ _______ the rain.
14. 改写句子:根据A句的意思完成B句,使两句的意思基本相同。每空限填一个单词。
A: We can’t finish the whole work on time if you don’t help us.
B: We can’t finish the whole work on time _______your ________.
Keys: 1~5 DDABB6~10 ABDCC11. Did; watch 12. take part13. because of
14. without; help