65Mn钢渗硼层的微观组织、硬度及生长动力学

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采用固体渗硼工艺对65Mn钢进行渗硼处理,并借助光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、电子探针及维氏硬度计等手段系统研究了渗硼温度(800~1000℃)和渗硼保温时间(2~8 h)对65Mn钢渗硼层厚度、微观组织和硬度的影响规律以及渗硼层的生长动力学.结果表明,随着渗硼温度的升高或渗硼时间的延长,渗硼层的厚度不断增大,但当渗硼温度超过900℃时,渗硼层中黑色孔洞的数量、大小以及距离渗硼层表面的深度都逐渐增大.65Mn钢渗硼层都由Fe2 B柱状晶,以及位于Fe2 B柱状晶生长前沿及晶粒间的Fe3(B,C)相、二元铁硅化合物和三元铁碳硅化合物组成,其维氏硬度(800~1590 HV0.05)远大于65Mn钢基体的硬度(238 HV0.05).由于硬度较低的Fe3(B,C)相和富硅相分布于高硬度的Fe2 B柱状晶晶粒之间,导致渗硼层的硬度并不随离渗硼层表面距离的增加而单调减小.渗硼层厚度的平方与渗硼时间呈线性关系,B原子在65Mn钢渗硼层中的扩散激活能为220.96 kJ/mol.
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