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目的 :探讨病毒性脑炎患者预防性使用抗生素对院内感染的影响。方法 :对 5 3 8例病毒性脑炎患者进行了回顾性分析。结果 :入院时未合并感染的 5 19例患者中 2 82例预防性使用抗生素 (A组 ) ;2 3 7例未预防性使用抗生素 (B组 )。A组院内感染率 11 3 %明显低于B组 18 9%的院内感染率 (P <0 0 5 )。A组中发生院内感染者抗生素使用时间 ( 14 1± 8 3天 )明显长于无感染者 ( 10 4± 5 6天 ) (P <0 0 1)。预防性使用抗生素可能增加霉菌感染率 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :预防性使用抗生素对减少院内感染有一定作用。抗生素使用应早期、短程 ,限于重症患者。
Objective: To investigate the impact of prophylactic antibiotics on nosocomial infections in patients with viral encephalitis. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 538 patients with viral encephalitis was performed. RESULTS: Of 82 patients admitted to hospital without infection, 2 of 82 received prophylactic antibiotics (group A) and 237 received no prophylactic antibiotics (group B). The nosocomial infection rate in group A was significantly lower than that in group B (113.3%) (18.9%, P <0 05). The duration of antibiotic use in patients with nosocomial infections in group A (14 1 ± 8 days) was significantly longer than that in non-infected patients (104 ± 56 days) (P <0.01). Prophylactic use of antibiotics may increase the rate of fungal infection (P> 0.05). Conclusions: Prophylactic antibiotics have a role in reducing nosocomial infections. Antibiotic use should be early, short-range, limited to critically ill patients.