随着自主学习及其重要性受到越来越多的关注,如何提高学生自主学习能力成为争相讨论的问题。自主学习应该以学生为主体,但教师要适当引导。实施过程中可以尝试将自主学习的实施步骤分为计划阶段、执行阶段、自我监控与自我评估阶段等三部分,并针对每一步骤容易出现的问题提出相宜的解决方法。在以学生为中心的课下学习过程中,学习材料的选择应针对学生的需求特点,结合教材并注意内容的趣味性和知识性。教师应该掌握指导和安排学生的自我监督和自我评价的有效办法。 With more and more attention paid to autonomous learning and its importance, how to improve the students’ ability to learn independently has become a controversial issue. Autonomous learning should be student-centered, but teachers should be properly guided. During the implementation process, we can try to divide the implementation steps of autonomous learning into three stages: planning phase, implementation phase, self-monitoring and self-evaluation phase, and propose appropriate solutions to the problems that are prone to occur at each step. In the process of student-centered class learning, the selection of learning materials should be based on the needs of students, combined with the textbooks and pay attention to the content of fun and knowledge. Teachers should have effective methods of directing and arranging students’ self-monitoring and self-evaluation.