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为了给汽车单次三维碰撞事故的碰撞车速推算提供算法,并为汽车运动轨迹再现提供初始条件,在借鉴已有的二维碰撞运动状态参数计算模型的基础上,将碰撞冲量推广至三维空间。以动量定理为理论基础,结合PC-Crash事故再现软件的碰撞分析方法,提出了汽车三维运动临界条件,推导了汽车三维运动状态参数计算模型。以实际事故案例为研究对象,将基于上述模型开发的事故再现分析系统的计算结果与PC-Crash软件计算结果进行了对比,并将事故再现分析结果与实际案例中车辆翻滚方式进行了对比。结果表明:所提出的汽车单次三维碰撞运动状态参数计算模型能够有效计算汽车三维碰撞速度参数与角速度参数。
In order to provide an algorithm for calculating the collision speed of a single 3D collision accident, the initial conditions are provided for the reproduction of the vehicle motion trajectory. Based on the calculation model of the existing two-dimensional collision state parameters, the collision impulse is extended to three-dimensional space. Based on the theorem of momentum and the collision analysis method of PC-Crash accident software, the critical condition of three-dimensional vehicle motion is proposed and the calculation model of vehicle three-dimensional motion state parameter is deduced. Taking the actual accident case as the research object, the calculation results of the accident reproduction analysis system developed based on the above model are compared with those of the PC-Crash software, and the result of the accident reproduction analysis is compared with the rolling method of the vehicle in the actual case. The results show that the proposed vehicle 3D single-dimensional collision kinematic parameters calculation model can effectively calculate the three-dimensional vehicle collision velocity parameters and angular velocity parameters.