动载荷和动载系数是齿轮系统动力学的研究领域之一。本文讨论了动载荷和动载系数在齿轮设计中的重要性;回顾了动载荷和动载系数研究的发展历程;介绍了世界各国的研究成果和计算方法;展望了近期的研究方向。 Dynamic load and dynamic load coefficient is one of the research fields of gear system dynamics. In this paper, the importance of dynamic load and dynamic load factor in gear design is discussed. The development history of dynamic load and dynamic load factor are reviewed. The research results and calculation methods in various countries are introduced. The recent research directions are also discussed.