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通过分析关中中部典型地区-咸阳近十年来的典型井的地下水逐月数据,采用平均值法,回归分析法,相关分析法等方法发现咸阳近十年来降水呈缓慢增加的趋势,而气温则是在1998年后比较稳定而有降低的趋势,说明关中中部气候有湿润的迹象。分别研究咸阳市不同地貌区地下水的变化情况,发现渭河阶地区地下水在十年中呈明显的线型下降趋势,降水对它的影响并不明显;黄土台原区地下水位呈波动下降的趋势,水位的下降与降水量基本呈正相关,但在降水突变年,地下水位的变化具有滞后性,一般在下一年才体现出来;黄土高原丘陵沟壑区地下水位在2003年以前下降斜率很大,明显大于降水的下降斜率,2003年后水位有所回升,但2006年又开始下降。地下水下降导致本区出现多处漏斗区;产生了11处地裂缝;并且地下水硬度与矿化度明显升高,水质变坏。分析认为人为因素是本区地下水下降的主导因素,应该采取及时有效的措施。
By analyzing the monthly data of groundwater in typical wells in Xi’ning, a typical area in central Guanzhong, the average precipitation, regression analysis and correlation analysis were used to find that precipitation in Xianyang tended to increase slowly in the past ten years, while the temperature was After 1998, there was a steady and decreasing trend indicating the humid climate in central and central Guanzhong. The change of groundwater in different landform areas in Xianyang City was studied respectively. It was found that the groundwater in Weihe River terrace area showed a linear trend of decreasing trend in ten years, and the influence of precipitation on it was not obvious. The groundwater level in loess platform area showed a downward trend, But the change of groundwater level is lagged in the year of sudden change of precipitation, which is generally reflected in the next year. The groundwater level in the hilly and gully regions of the Loess Plateau dropped significantly before 2003, significantly higher than the precipitation After 2003, the water level has rebounded, but it started to decline again in 2006. The groundwater drop led to multiple funnel zones in this area; 11 ground fissures were generated; and the hardness and salinity of groundwater were significantly increased, deteriorating water quality. Analysis that human factors is the dominant factor in the area of groundwater decline, it should take timely and effective measures.