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目的了解重庆市计划妊娠妇女超重、肥胖流行现况及危险因素。方法 2013年4-12月,采用按比例多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取重庆市19区县11 953例计划妊娠妇女进行问卷调查、体格检查并采集空腹静脉血。问卷调查主要内容为:人口学特征、吸烟饮酒史、生活经济压力等。体格检查内容为:身高、体重、血压。结果 11 953名调查对象平均BMI为21.13±2.78,超重率为10.88%(95%CI10.32%~11.44%),肥胖率为2.20%(95%CI 1.94%~2.46%),标化超重率为19.81%(95%CI 19.10%~20.53%),标化肥胖率为3.47%(95%CI 3.14%~3.80%),超重肥胖比为4.94。超重和肥胖发生率随年龄增加而升高,随文化程度升高而下降。多因素非条件logistic回归分析表明,25岁以上、一小时经济圈、渝东南地区、高血压、职业为经商或待业者更容易发生超重;35岁以上、一小时经济圈、渝东南地区、高血压、职业为农民或待业者更容易发生肥胖;高中以上文化程度是超重的保护因素。结论重庆市计划妊娠妇女超重、肥胖处于低水平流行状态,超重、肥胖主要影响因素有年龄、地区、职业性质和文化程度等。
Objective To understand Chongqing pregnant women overweight, prevalence of obesity and risk factors. Methods From April to December 2013, 11 953 pregnant women in 19 districts of Chongqing municipality were selected for questionnaire survey, physical examination and fasting venous blood collection by proportional stratified multistage stratified random sampling. The main contents of the questionnaire are: demographic characteristics, history of smoking and drinking, life economic pressure and so on. Physical examination content: height, weight, blood pressure. Results The mean BMI of 11 953 subjects was 21.13 ± 2.78, the overweight rate was 10.88% (95% CI, 10.32% ~ 11.44%), and the obesity rate was 2.20% (95% CI 1.94% -2.46% 19.81% (95% CI 19.10% ~ 20.53%). The standardized obesity rate was 3.47% (95% CI 3.14% -3.80%) and the ratio of overweight to obesity was 4.94. The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased with age, with the decline of higher education. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that over 25 years of age, one-hour economic circle, southeastern Chongqing, hypertension, occupations as business or unemployed are more prone to overweight; 35 years of age, one-hour economic circle, southeastern region, high Blood pressure, occupation as a farmer or unemployed more prone to obesity; high school education is overweight protection factor. Conclusion Pregnant women in Chongqing are overweight and obese with low prevalence. The main influencing factors of overweight and obesity are age, area, occupation, education level and so on.