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目的 了解西藏自治区棘球蚴病病例构成、地区分布及病灶分布情况. 方法 于2016年8-10月,采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取西藏自治区7个地(市)70个县的364个行政村进行棘球蚴病流行情况调查,对居民进行B超检查,疑似病例辅以血清学检查,临床及疑似病例进行个案调查,影像学专家结合影像学和血清学检测结果及病例基本情况对病例进行确诊.采用SPSS 20.0统计学软件对数据进行统计分析. 结果 共B超检查77 049人,检出棘球蚴病病例1 230例,检出率为1.60％(1 230/77 049),其中细粒棘球蚴病占87.64％(1 078/1 230),多房棘球蚴病占11.06％ (136/1 230),未分型病例占1.30％ (16/1 230);全区7个地(市)均有细粒棘球蚴病和多房棘球蚴病病例检出,且不同地(市)、性别、年龄、民族、职业、文化程度、居住地生产类型等病例构成也均以细粒棘球蚴病为主.病例的文化程度以文盲为主,占71.95％ (875/1 214),随着年龄的增长细粒棘球蚴病有明显的病例堆积现象;不同职业病例构成中,牧民细粒棘球蚴病病例百分比(91.02％)高于半农半牧民(87.78％) (x2=10.710,P＜ 0.05),不同生产类型病例构成中,牧区细粒棘球蚴病病例百分比(91.38％)高于农区(83.54％) (x2=9.008,P＜0.05).棘球蚴病病例的病灶分布多在右肝,79％以上的病例仅有1个病灶.结论 西藏自治区棘球蚴病病例以细粒棘球蚴病为主,牧区的牧民是防治的重点人群.“,”Objective To understand case composition,regional distribution and lesion distribution of hydatid disease in Tibet Autonomous Region.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 364 villages from 70 counties of 7 prefectures (cities) in Tibet Autonomous Region to perform an epidemiological survey on hydatid disease from August to October,2016.B ultrasound was conducted on residents,accompanied by serological examination for suspected cases.Clinical and suspected cases were investigated individually.All the cases were finally identified by an imaging expert based on a combination of imaging and serological results.Negative cases were excluded.Data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software.Results A total of 77 049 residents received B ultrasound examination,and 1 230 were detected with hydatid disease (1.60％,1 230/77 049),comprising 1 078 cystic echinococcosis (CE) (87.64％),136 alveolar echinococcosis(AE) (11.06％),and 16 unclassified cases (1.30％).The 7 prefectures (cities) were all found with CE and AE cases,of which CE dominated the case composition with regard to city,gender,age,ethnicity,occupation,educational level,and type of production in place of residence.The cases were dominated by those uneducated 71.95％ (875/1 214).There was a significant CE case accumulation with the increase of age.Among different occupations,the CE case composition of herdsmen (91.02％) was higher than that of farmer-and-herdsmen (87.78％) (x2 =10.710,P＜ 0.05).Lesions distributed mainly in the right liver,with ＞ 79％ cases having only one focal lesion.Conclusion There is a wide prevalence of hydatid disease in Tibet Autonomous Region,and herdsmen are the major target population for control.