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新中国成立以来,中国人口发生了快速转变,人口转变与经济发展之间相互影响。人口转变所产生的人口红利对经济的发展具有促进作用,但同时我们必须注意到当人口优势未转化为经济发展动力时,庞大的人口压力将会阻碍经济的发展。在人口红利消失、老龄化加剧时,只有促进经济转型、保障劳动人口充分就业、增强劳动的创造性才能进一步促进经济的发展。随着经济现代化,社会结构不断分化和社会关系理性化,经济发展也影响着人口转变。
Since the founding of New China, the population of China has undergone rapid changes and the interaction between population changes and economic development has had an impact. Demographic dividends arising from demographic transition have a positive impact on economic development. At the same time, we must note that when population superiority is not transformed into an engine of economic development, huge population pressures will hinder economic growth. When the demographic dividend disappears and the aging becomes worse, economic development can only be further promoted only by promoting economic restructuring, ensuring the full employment of the working population and enhancing the creativity of labor. With the economic modernization, the continuous differentiation of social structure and the rationalization of social relations, economic development also affects the population transition.