China-U.S.trade has expanded rapidly over the past three decades,during which China’s trade deficit has turned into atrade surplus.China’s exports to the United States account for 20 percent of China’s total export trade,but the United States’exports to China make up less than 10 percent of its export trade.The trade dependence ratio of the two countries has adifference of up to 27 percentage points.While China’s economy and foreign trade become increasingly market-oriented,the U.S.implements long-term export restriction policies against it.Raising the degree of marketization of trade betweenChina and the U.S.is the key to redressing the China-U.S.trade imbalance. China-UStrade has expanded rapidly over the past three decades, which China’s trade deficit has turned into atrade surplus. China’s exports to the United States account for 20 percent of China’s total export trade, but the United States’exports to China make up less than 10 percent of its export trade. The trade dependence ratio of the two countries has adifference of up to 27 percentage points. Whilst China’s economy and foreign trade become increasingly market-oriented, the USimplements long-term export restriction policies against it. Raising the degree of marketization of trade betweenChina and the USis the key to redressing the China-UStrade imbalance.