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全球气候变暖对虫媒的影响主要表现在改变虫媒的地区分布,增加虫媒繁殖速度与侵袭力和缩短病原体的外潜伏期。大量资料显示,全球气候变暖的趋势使得许多热带生物不断扩大分布范围,过去仅在热带地区出现的虫媒传染病,也频频出现在亚热带地区。媒介生物性疾病近年在全球呈上升趋势,一些原有的虫媒传染病再度暴发,新的虫媒传染病流行范围不断扩大。受气候变化影响较大的虫媒传染病包括疟疾、血吸虫病、鼠疫、登革热和其他及新发虫媒传染病。提示要面对气候变暖的趋势,努力减缓和控制地球气温的上升,保护好自然环境,加强气候与虫媒传染病传播关系的研究,做好虫媒传染疾病的预防控制工作。
The impact of global warming on insect vectors is mainly manifested in changing the geographical distribution of insect vectors, increasing the propagation speed and invasiveness of insect vectors and shortening the external incubation period of pathogens. A large number of data show that the trend of global warming makes many tropical organisms continue to expand the distribution of the past, only in the tropics of the emergence of vector-borne diseases, is also frequently appear in the subtropical regions. In recent years, vector biological diseases have been on an upward trend in the world. Some original outbreaks of insect-borne diseases have reemerged and the new epidemic of zoonotic diseases has been expanding. Infectious diseases of the zoonoses that are more affected by climate change include malaria, schistosomiasis, plague, dengue fever and others and newer forms of zoonosis. It is suggested that we should face the trend of climate warming, work hard to slow down and control the earth’s temperature rise, protect the natural environment, strengthen the research on the relationship between climate and the spread of insect-borne diseases, and do the prevention and control of vector-borne diseases.