一在马克思“实践的唯物主义”哲学诞生之前,哲学家们围绕着人自身的“对象、现实、感性”进行过长期不懈的思考,留下过难以计数的有关人的自我认识的“自画像”。然而遗憾的是,他们要么对人只作纯客体性的抽象直观,将人等同于纯粹的对象物,要么对人只作纯主体性的抽象直观,将 Before the birth of Marx’s philosophy of “practical materialism,” philosophers have made long-term and unrelenting reflections on their own “objects, reality and sensibility,” leaving behind countless “self-portraits” of human self-awareness. . Unfortunately, however, they are either abstractly and intuitively purely purely human, equal to pure objects, or purely subjective and abstract,