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目的调查丽江市鼠疫自然疫源地鼠巢蚤的种类及感染鼠疫菌的情况,为制定鼠疫防控措施提供科学依据。方法在丽江玉龙县7个自然村,古城区1个自然村范围内,以挖鼠巢的方法采集鼠巢蚤,按形态学方法鉴定鼠巢蚤种类,实验室用细菌培养方法检验鼠巢蚤是否感染鼠疫菌。结果此次共挖鼠巢133个,有蚤鼠巢37个,鼠巢平均染蚤率为27.82%,平均蚤指数1.77。共获得鼠巢蚤2科5属6种235只,其中高山狭臀蚤、方叶栉眼蚤、棕形额蚤、特新蚤指明亚种、锐额狭臀蚤和缓慢细蚤的构成比分别为33.62%、25.53%、25.11%、14.47%、0.85%、和0.42%。鼠巢蚤鼠疫菌培养结果全部为阴性。结论丽江鼠疫疫源地共有6种鼠巢蚤,以高山狭臀蚤、方叶栉眼蚤、棕形额蚤、特新蚤指明亚种为优势蚤种,鼠巢蚤未捡出鼠疫菌。
Objective To investigate the species of mouse nest flea and the plague infection in plague natural foci of Lijiang City, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating the prevention and control measures of plague. Methods Rabbits were collected from 7 natural villages in Yulong county and 1 natural village in the ancient city of Lijiang by means of digging the rat’s nests. Morphological methods were used to identify the species of S. aurantiacus. Yersinia pestis. Results A total of 133 brooding nests were found, 37 were flea nests, the average infected flea rate was 27.82% and the average flea index was 1.77. A total of 235 species were found in 2 species, 5 genera, 6 species, of which 2 species belong to 2 families, 5 species and 6 species, respectively. Among them, the composition ratio of Alstonia nauplii, Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Respectively 33.62%, 25.53%, 25.11%, 14.47%, 0.85%, and 0.42%. The results of all the tests on the rat nesting flea plague were negative. Conclusions There are 6 kinds of rat fleas in the plague foci of Lijiang. The dominant species of fleas, such as Salix psammophila, Tetraselmis gambiae, Polypha spp.