目的:总结骨样骨瘤的影像学和临床表现,对照分析骨样骨瘤旋切与射频消融的疗效。方法:回顾性分析CT引导12例旋切及20例射频消融骨样骨瘤病例。分析影像学和临床表现特点,疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估疼痛情况;分析二组患者的疗效。结果:X线、CT、MR对瘤巢的显示率分别为59.37%、100%、87.5%;患者均以局部或关节疼痛就诊,夜间疼痛加重、服用非甾体类镇痛药可缓解为典型表现。12例旋切治疗者均治愈(100%,12/12),除1例患者疼痛减轻外,其余患者治疗后局部疼痛均有增加;1例患者出现局部血肿和感染;20例射频消融治疗者均治愈(100%,20/20),无并发症发生。结论:骨样骨瘤有典型的影像学表现,采用射频消融治疗具有损伤小、疗效确切、并发症少、恢复快的特点。 OBJECTIVE: To summarize the imaging and clinical features of osteoid osteoma, and to compare and analyze the therapeutic effect of osteotomy and radiofrequency ablation. Methods: CT-guided 12 cases of osteotomy and 20 cases of osteosarcoma of radiofrequency ablation were retrospectively analyzed. Analysis of imaging and clinical features, pain visual analog scale (VAS) assessment of pain; analysis of two groups of patients. Results: The rates of x-ray, CT and MR on tumor nests were 59.37%, 100% and 87.5% respectively. The patients were treated with local or joint pain and the nocturnal pain was aggravated. The non-steroidal analgesics could be relieved as typical which performed. All 12 cases were cured (100%, 12/12). All the patients except the one with pain relieved had local pain after treatment. One case had local hematoma and infection, and 20 cases had radiofrequency ablation All were cured (100%, 20/20) without complications. CONCLUSION: Osteoid osteoma has typical imaging findings. Radiofrequency ablation has the characteristics of small injury, exact curative effect, less complications and quick recovery.