胎儿脑积水是胎儿最常见的畸形之一,而产前超声检查是发现胎儿脑积水最常用的方法。脑积水可由于其病因的不同在超声图像上有不同的表现,各种临界性脑积水对预后的影响近年来也颇有争议。通过脑室系统的发育、脑脊液的循环说明各种病因引起的脑积水的超声图像,对超声诊断胎儿脑积水的现状、困难及展望作一探讨。 Fetal hydrocephalus is one of the most common malformations of the fetus, and prenatal ultrasound is the most common method of finding fetal hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus due to its different causes in the ultrasound images have different manifestations, a variety of critical hydrocephalus on the prognosis in recent years is also quite controversial. Through the development of the ventricular system, the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid shows ultrasound images of hydrocephalus caused by various etiologies and discusses the current status, difficulties and prospects of ultrasound in the diagnosis of fetal hydrocephalus.