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[目的]探讨急性百草枯中毒对大鼠中枢神经系统的影响。[方法]SD大鼠60只,随机分为4组:生理盐水对照组8只,百草枯染毒后第1、3天组各16只,染毒后第7天组20只,染毒组大鼠按10.96 mg/kg剂量腹腔注射百草枯一次,对照组腹腔注射生理盐水。25%乌拉坦麻醉动物后处死取材,液相色谱法测定动物血清中百草枯浓度,免疫组织化学法染色动物额叶皮层、海马、黑质和纹状体的星形胶质细胞的胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)并计数染色阳性数目,透射电镜观察动物额叶皮层、海马、黑质和纹状体的星形胶质细胞超微结构的变化。[结果]染毒后第1、3和7天组血中百草枯测量结果分别为(1.020±0.059)、(0.564±0.087)和(0.067±0.045)mg/L,三组间血清毒物浓度的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);染毒后第7天组黑质和海马CA1区GFAP阳性细胞计数明显增多,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);透射电子显微镜观察到染毒后第7天组动物海马星形胶质细胞胞浆水肿,纹状体星形胶质细胞凋亡。[结论]急性百草枯中毒引起大鼠星形胶质细胞的损伤,具有明显的神经毒性。
[Objective] To investigate the effects of acute paraquat poisoning on the central nervous system in rats. [Methods] Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: saline control group (n = 8), paraquat control group (n = 16) on day 1 and day 3, and post- Rats were treated with paraquat at a dose of 10.96 mg / kg once, while control rats were injected with saline. Twenty-five percent of the animals were sacrificed and the paraquat concentration in serum was determined by liquid chromatography. The glial fibroblasts of astrocytes in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, substantia nigra and striatum were stained immunohistochemically The number of GFAP positive cells was counted and the ultrastructural changes of astrocytes in frontal cortex, hippocampus, substantia nigra and striatum were observed by transmission electron microscope. [Results] The blood paraquat measured on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day after exposure was (1.020 ± 0.059), (0.564 ± 0.087) and (0.067 ± 0.045) mg / L, respectively (P <0.05). GFAP positive cells in substantia nigra and hippocampus CA1 area increased significantly on the 7th day after exposure, with significant difference compared with the control group (P <0.05). Transmission electron microscopy The hippocampal astrocyte cytoplasmic edema and striatal astrocyte apoptosis were observed on the 7th day after exposure. [Conclusion] Acute paraquat poisoning induced the damage of astrocytes in rats and had obvious neurotoxicity.