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爆破开挖施工是目前山岭隧道施工的主要方式之一,爆破地震波对山体稳定,尤其是对既有隧道结构的安全稳定研究至关重要。依托千枚岩小间距隧道工程,开展了爆破开挖围岩地震波传递规律和对既有隧道影响的现场监测与分析研究。研究表明,千枚岩小间距隧道Ⅳ级围岩段的最大地震波波速为13.03～19.54cm/s,V级围岩为5.53～11.05cm/s;在给定药量和设计波速条件下,千枚岩安全距离至少应在12m以上;在施工期间与爆破开挖面对应位置的既有隧道前后方约2.0倍洞径范围内应是重点观测区域范围。
Blasting and excavation construction is one of the main ways of construction of mountain tunnel at present. Blasting seismic wave is very important to the stability of mountain and especially to the research on the safety and stability of the existing tunnel structure. Based on the small phyllite tunnel project, the rule of seismic wave propagation in blasting surrounding rock and on-site monitoring and analysis of existing tunnels are carried out. The results show that the maximum seismic wave velocity is 13.03 ~ 19.54cm / s and the V grade rock is 5.53 ~ 11.05cm / s for the grade Ⅳ surrounding rock mass with small spacing of phyllite. Under given dose and designed wave velocity, The safety distance of the phyllite should be at least 12m. Within the scope of about 2.0 times of the diameter of the existing tunnel which is corresponding to the site of blasting excavation during construction, it should be the key observation area.