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目的了解中学生接触媒体中性相关信息的情况,与父母、同伴、老师开展交流的状况以及他们所感知到的父母对其接触各类媒体的关注状况。方法在上海市某区6所学校抽取1 403名中学生进行匿名电子问卷调查,有效问卷1 390份,其中初中生668名,高中生722名。结果调查对象从各类媒体中接触到性相关内容较多的为恋爱/约会/结婚、异性间的亲密行为、生长发育和不使用避孕措施的后果等(37.4%~88.2%),而接触到避孕和性病/艾滋病等内容的比例相对较低(13.5%~37.3%),高中生从各类媒体中接触性相关内容的比例高于初中生,除在谈恋爱/约会/结婚和不使用避孕措施的后果上,男生接触的比例低于女生外,对其余性相关内容的接触,男生均高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中学生在接触到上述性相关内容后,主要选择与同学/同伴交流,且高中生交流的比例(61.6%~74.7%)高于初中生(33.2%~48.7%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高中生父母对其子女接触媒体的关注低于初中生父母,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),父亲对子女接触媒体的关注低于母亲。结论中学生从各类媒体中接触到相当比例的性相关内容,学校和家庭应积极开展素养教育,帮助青少年认知媒体中传播的性信息,特别是在高中生中。
Objectives To understand the situation of secondary school students ’exposure to media neutrality, the status of their communication with parents, peers and teachers, and the parents’ perception of their exposure to various media. Methods A total of 1,403 middle school students from 6 schools in a certain district of Shanghai were investigated for anonymous electronic questionnaires. There were 1 390 valid questionnaires, including 668 junior high school students and 722 high school students. Results The respondents from all kinds of media exposed more sex related content such as love / dating / marriage, heterosexual intimacy, growth and development and the consequences of not using contraception (37.4% ~ 88.2%), Contraception and STD / AIDS were relatively low (13.5% -37.3%). The proportion of high school students who were exposed to various types of media was higher than that of junior high school students except those who were in love / dating / marriage and not using contraception As a result, the percentage of male students exposed to the sexes was lower than that of the female students, and the male students were all higher than the female students in the consequences of the sexual behaviors (P <0.05). After being exposed to the sexual related content, (61.6% -74.7%) than junior high school students (33.2% -48.7%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The high school students’ parents were not able to communicate with their children Media attention was lower than that of junior high school students, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), the father of children less exposure to the media attention than the mother. Conclusions Middle school students have access to a considerable proportion of sexual related content from all kinds of media. Schools and families should actively conduct literacy education to help young people to perceive the sexual information disseminated in the media, especially among high school students.