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2015年8月14日,在呼伦湖设置采样点,采集水样,分析呼伦湖水体的化学特征,以揭示呼伦湖水化学特征、水体中的离子来源及控制因素。研究结果表明,呼伦湖湖水的p H为9.06~9.23,湖水为弱碱性水,湖东南部水体的p H相对较大;湖水中总溶解固体质量浓度为670~843 mg/L,平均值为784.17 mg/L,总体上东北部和中部湖水中的总溶解固体质量浓度较大;以CaCO_3计的水总硬度为141.80~250.36 mg/L,平均值为210.20 mg/L,湖水属于硬水;湖水中的优势阳离子为Na~+,其占阳离子总数的80%;优势阴离子为HCO_3~-,其占阴离子总数的73%;呼伦湖水体水化学类型为[C]NaⅠ型或HCO_3~--Na~+型;湖泊水体水化学特征受蒸发岩盐和碳酸盐岩的控制,水体离子来源不受大气降水控制,主要受蒸发—结晶和岩石风化共同作用,且日益加剧的人类活动对离子组成和来源也有影响;自20世纪60年代至70年代以来,呼伦湖呈现淡水湖、微咸水湖不断交替的特征,与区域气候特征存在良好的响应关系。
On August 14, 2015, sampling sites were set up in Hulun Lake to collect water samples and analyze the chemical characteristics of the Hulun water body in order to reveal the chemical characteristics of water in Hulun Lake, the sources of ions in water and the controlling factors. The results showed that the p H of Hulun Lake water ranged from 9.06 to 9.23, the lake water was weakly alkaline, and the p H of water bodies in southeastern lake was relatively large. The total dissolved solids concentration in lake water ranged from 670 to 843 mg / L, with an average of The value of total dissolved solids in the northeast and central lakes was generally 784.17 mg / L. The total water hardness of CaCO_3 was 141.80 ~ 250.36 mg / L with the average value of 210.20 mg / L. The water was hard water ; The dominant cation in lake water is Na ~ +, accounting for 80% of the total number of cations; the dominant anion is HCO_3 ~ -, accounting for 73% of the total number of anions; the water chemistry type of Hulun Lake is [C] NaⅠtype or HCO_3 ~ - Na ~ + type. The hydrochemical characteristics of lake water bodies are controlled by evaporite rocks and carbonate rocks. The ion sources of water bodies are not controlled by atmospheric precipitation. They are mainly affected by the evaporation-crystallization and rock weathering, and the increasing human activities Ion composition and source have also affected. Since the 1960s and the 1970s, Hulun Lake has been characterized by the continuous alternation of freshwater and brackish lakes and has a good response relationship with the regional climate.