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研究出口的国内外区域特征及形成机制将为推动出口市场多元化、保障出口持续平稳发展提供经验证据。本文基于2000-2005年中国工业企业数据库和海关贸易统计数据库的匹配数据,考察了中国出口企业的地理分布规律,发现中国出口在快速增长过程中呈现出口地集聚和目的国集中的显著特征。本文从出口溢出效应的角度对这一现象进行了理论解释和实证检验。研究结果表明,政府可以通过相应的政策引导出口企业调整在国内的区位分布,从而实现出口市场多元化发展的目的。
Studying the characteristics of domestic and foreign regions for export and their formation mechanism will provide empirical evidence for promoting the diversification of export markets and guaranteeing the sustained and steady development of exports. Based on the matching data of Chinese industrial enterprises database and customs trade statistics database from 2000 to 2005, this paper examines the geographical distribution of Chinese export enterprises and finds that Chinese exports have the salient features of export concentration and destination country concentration in the process of rapid growth. This paper makes a theoretical explanation and empirical test of this phenomenon from the perspective of export spillover effect. The results show that the government can guide the export enterprises to adjust the distribution of their locations in China through corresponding policies so as to realize the diversified development of the export market.