采用聚能射孔弹射孔会造成地层损害,降低地层渗透率。新型光纤激光射孔不会产生细碎屑堵塞孔隙喉道,能有效增加岩石的孔隙度和渗透率;在水平井压裂中激光器不受地层原地层应力的影响,在水平段目的层开槽生成纵向洞眼,辅助裂缝的形成。激光射孔通过提高激光器功率,使岩石温度不断增加直至超过岩石熔点,岩石熔化或产生蒸发形成孔道。激光射开洞眼时在洞眼周围熔化状态下的岩石能够生成一种类似于陶瓷的熔化层, The use of shaped charges can lead to formation damage and reduce formation permeability. The new fiber laser perforation does not produce fine debris blocking the pore throat, which can effectively increase the porosity and permeability of the rock. In horizontal well fracturing, the laser is not affected by the stress of the original formation in the formation, Generate longitudinal hole, supporting the formation of cracks. Laser perforation by increasing the laser power, the rock temperature increases until it exceeds the rock melting point, the rock melts or evaporates to form a tunnel. When the laser shot hole under the hole in the molten state of the rock can generate a ceramic-like melt layer,