汉末名士清议以及随之而爆发的党锢之祸,是中国文化史上的一大变局。它作为腐朽的东汉王朝的送葬曲,政治上的意义固然不小;一批理想主义的儒士——儒家学派积极的一翼——在和宫廷权宦的交锋中互通声气,形成了一股不可忽视的社会势力,这现象更为前所未有。这批儒士可视为中国知识分子群体意识最早觉醒的代表。他们在依附王权而又和王权斗争中认识了自身的力量;虽然这斗争没多久就告失败,善 The famous dismisses of the late Han Dynasty and the consequent curse of the party detachment were the major changes in the history of Chinese culture. As a funeral music of the decadent Eastern Han Dynasty, its political significance is certainly not small. A group of idealistic Confucians, the active wing of the Confucian school, exchanged voices in the confrontation with the imperial court, forming a Neglect of social forces, the phenomenon is even more unprecedented. These scholars can be regarded as representatives of the earliest awakening of the consciousness of Chinese intellectual groups. They know their power in their struggle for sovereignty and royal power. Although this struggle failed shortly afterwards, good