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对我国南方部分地区桉树人工林菌根真菌资源和菌根类型进行了调查 .对采自广东、云南 15个桉树林地的根系样品进行了显微观察 ,结果证实了在自然土壤中桉树能形成不同类型的菌根 ,检查的根样在不同程度上均有菌根菌的感染 .其中 ,有 4个人工林的根系样品AM感染率在 50 %以上 ,另有 4个根样ECM感染根段长超过 50m .调查发现林分年龄大小对菌根形成及菌根类型有一定的影响 ,表现在幼林及过熟林菌根感染率均较低 ,而 4～ 7年生按树林菌根感染率相对较高 ,在同一根系上AM与ECM菌间存在一定的竞争性 .在菌根菌资源方面 ,从总体上来说 ,我国南方菌根菌资源较少 ,尤其是ECM菌 .调查结果表明 ,我国南方桉树人工林根际土壤中有AM菌 2 8种 ,隶属于 4个属 ,其中以球囊霉属真菌最多 ,占 6 4 % ;地球囊霉在所采集的土样中出现的频度最高 .南方 15个桉树人工林中发现有 17种ECM菌 ,隶属 10个属 ,其中彩色豆马勃、多根硬皮马勃、光硬皮马勃等菌种在两广地区许多桉林中较常见 ,云南地区则多以黄须腹菌、硬皮马勃等菌较多 .这些ECM菌通常生长于松树林中 ,能否与引进的桉属树种形成较好的菌根还有待于进一步研究 .本文对自然条件下混合菌根的形成及真菌间的竞争关系进行了讨论
The mycorrhizal fungi resources and mycorrhizal types of eucalyptus plantations in some areas of southern China were investigated.The microscopic observations of root samples collected from 15 eucalyptus forests in Guangdong and Yunnan Provinces confirmed that Eucalyptus species could be formed differently in natural soils The mycorrhizal type and mycorrhizal root samples were all infected with mycorrhizal fungi to some extent.Among them, the root infection rate of AM plants was above 50% in 4 plantations and the root length of 4 ECM-infected roots More than 50m.The survey found that the age of the forest stand on the formation of mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal types have some impact, showed young and overribious mycorrhizal infection rates were low, and 4-7 years according to the mycorrhizal infection rate is relatively High, in the same root system there is a certain competition between AM and ECM bacteria in the mycorrhizal fungi resources, generally speaking, mycorrhizal fungi in southern China fewer resources, especially ECM bacteria.The survey results show that southern China Eucalyptus In the rhizosphere soil of the plantation, there are 28 species of AM fungi belonging to 4 genera, of which, fungi of the genus Glomus occupy the most, accounting for 64% of the total, while Geotrichum candidum appears most frequently in the collected soil samples. Found in 15 eucalyptus plantations 17 kinds of ECM bacteria, belonging to 10 genera, of which the color bean Bobo, Pigeon Pippi, light crusts and other species in many eucalyptus forest in Guangdong and Guangxi are more common in Yunnan are more Xu bellard , Sclerotium, etc. These ECM usually grow in the pine forest, whether the formation of a good mycorrhizal with the introduction of eucalyptus species remains to be further studied.In this paper, under the conditions of natural mixed mycorrhizal formation And the competition between fungi were discussed