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落叶针叶林和落叶阔叶林是华北地区主要的森林类型,其地下生态系统在驱动生物地球化学循环过程中发挥重要作用.运用Illumina高通量测序技术分析庞泉沟自然保护区中海拔桦树(Betula platyphylla)林和华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)林以及高海拔华北落叶松林的土壤微生物群落结构,同时对土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性及土壤理化性质进行测定,分析各因子的变化规律及其之间的相关性.结果显示:1)3个样地土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶活性与全碳、全氮、全硫、碳氮比呈极显著正相关;脲酶活性与p H显著负相关;过氧化氢酶活性与土壤理化性质均无显著相关性;同时3种酶的活性与细菌和真菌特定类群的丰度密切相关.2)样地间土壤细菌群落结构具有一定差异,而真菌群落结构的差异较大,土壤理化性质对微生物群落的结构具有较大的影响.真菌群落中的煤炱目(Capnodiales)、蜡壳耳目(Sebacinales)、路霉目(Lulworthiales)、锈革孔菌目(Hymenochaetales)的丰度与土壤全碳、全氮、全硫、碳氮比、含水率显著相关.3)中海拔桦树林土壤细菌群落多样性和丰度高于华北落叶松林,真菌群落的丰度与之相反;高海拔落叶松林细菌群落多样性较低,而丰度较高,真菌群落则是丰度较低,多样性在高海拔落叶松林中最高,在桦树林中较低.综上,植被类型、土壤理化性质和微生物群落结构三者相互影响,因此可通过改变林下土壤微生物环境,制定出不同的育林措施,进而影响土壤生态系统的碳、氮、硫等循环进程,提高土壤肥力.
Deciduous coniferous forests and deciduous broad-leaved forests are the main forest types in North China, and their subsurface ecosystems play an important role in driving biogeochemical cycles. Using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology, (Betula platyphylla) forest and Larix principis-rupprechtii forest as well as the Larix principis-rupprechtii forest in North China. The activities of soil catalase, urease, invertase and soil physical and chemical properties were determined and analyzed The results showed that: 1) There was a significant positive correlation between soil urease and invertase activities and total carbon, total nitrogen, total sulfur and carbon / nitrogen ratio in the three plots; urease activity and p H, but there was no significant correlation between the activity of catalase and the physicochemical properties of soil. At the same time, the activities of the three enzymes were closely related to the abundance of specific taxa of bacteria and fungi.2) But the differences of fungal community structure are larger and the soil physical and chemical properties have a greater impact on the structure of microbial community.Capnodiales ), Sebacinales, Lulworthiales and Hymenochaetales were significantly correlated with soil total carbon, total nitrogen, total sulfur, C / N ratio and water content.3) The diversity and abundance of soil bacterial community in the birch forest were higher than those in the Larix principis-rupprechtii forest, while the abundance of the fungal community was the opposite. The diversity of the community was higher in the high-altitude Larix gmelinii forest, while the abundance in the fungal community was higher Low and diversity were highest in Larix gmelinii forest at high altitude and lower in birch forest.In conclusion, the vegetation type, soil physical and chemical properties and microbial community structure all had the same influence on each other, so we could make a difference by changing the soil microbial environment under the forest Of forestation measures, thereby affecting soil ecosystem carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and other recycling processes and improve soil fertility.