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目的:建立Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠空气细颗粒物(PM2.5)长期暴露模型,研究PM2.5长期暴露对SD大鼠生殖功能的损伤及其机制。方法:45只SD大鼠(80~94 g,28日龄)随机分配成3组:生理盐水对照组,低剂量组[2μg/(100 g·d)],高剂量组[16μg/(100 g·d)]。每天分别给予0.9%的生理盐水或PM2.5颗粒,连续暴露60 d,最后一次暴露24 h后各实验组选取10只与正常雌鼠合笼,统计雌鼠受孕率,剩余实验鼠取材,进行精子计数和畸形率测定、睾丸组织病理学检测以及睾丸组织Connexin43蛋白表达检测。结果:与对照组雌鼠受孕率(100%)相比,PM2.5暴露组正常雌鼠受孕率(高剂量组50%,低剂量组70%)明显降低,精子数量和质量明显下降,生精小管结构紊乱,管腔精子数减少,部分次级精母细胞脱落至管腔。睾丸组织中Connexin43蛋白表达下降,血睾屏障破坏。结论:汽车尾气来源PM2.5长期暴露影响SD大鼠生殖功能。
OBJECTIVE: To establish a long-term exposure model of airborne particulate matter (PM2.5) in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and to study the mechanism of its damage to reproductive function of SD rats exposed to long-term PM2.5 exposure. Methods: Forty-five SD rats (80-94 g, 28 days old) were randomly divided into three groups: saline control group, low dose group [2μg / (100 g · d) g · d)]. 0.9% saline or PM2.5 granules were given daily for 60 days. After the last exposure for 24 hours, 10 rabbits in each experimental group were caged with normal females and the pregnancy rate of females was calculated. Sperm count and deformity, testicular histopathology and testicular Connexin43 protein expression. Results: Compared with control group, the pregnancy rate (50% in high dose group and 70% in low dose group) of PM2.5 exposed group was significantly lower than that in control group (100%), the quantity and quality of sperm were significantly decreased The structure of the seminiferous tubules is disordered, the number of spermatozoa in the lumen decreases, and some secondary spermatocytes shed into the lumen. The expression of Connexin43 protein in testis decreased and the blood-testis barrier was damaged. Conclusion: Long-term exposure of PM2.5 to vehicle exhaust influences the reproductive function of SD rats.