1949年,中华人民共和国成立,国际国内形势错综复杂。国际上,美帝国主义不甘心在中国的失败,对我国在政治上采取不承认政策,在经济上实行封锁禁运,妄图把新中国扼杀在摇蓝里。在国内,国民党反动残余势力进行破坏和捣乱。国民经济方面,工农业生产极端落后。恶性通货膨胀,物价飞涨,物资奇缺,投机活动猖獗。工厂停工减产,大量群众失业。农村由于天 The establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 has complicated international and domestic situations. Internationally, US imperialism can not be reconciled to the failure in China, taking a political and non-recognition policy toward China, imposing an embargo on the economy in an attempt to strangle it. In the country, the Kuomintang reactionary remnants of the armed forces destroyed and disrupted. In the national economy, industrial and agricultural production is extremely backward. Vulnerable inflation, soaring prices, material shortage, speculation rampant. Factory downtime, a large number of people unemployed. Rural due to days